European and international regulation

Aviation is addressed at the European level by the EU’s Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) and at the international level by ICAO. Reporting under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change UNFCCC distinguishes between national and international aviation emissions. A regulation to reduce international emissions is difficult to implement as this requires a worldwide consensus. At the international level, it was decided in 2016 that a global market-based system should regulate aviation; the CORSIA instrument will come into effect from 2021.

In addition, intra-European aviation has been covered by the EU ETS since 2012. The system regulates the emissions of intra-European flights via the trading of emission allowances. Up to 2021, air transport from EU to non-EU countries was therefore not covered by the ETS. The relationship between the EU ETS and the CORSIA system has not yet been clarified. A proposal from the European Commission is expected in the second quarter of 2021.

Developments in approaches to aviation on international and EU levels
Developments in approaches to aviation on international and EU levels
Source: Oeko-Institut 2020
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